University of Pennsylvania (Penn) Treebank Tag-set http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License This license is granted independent of rights and licenses associated with the source. tag:kalvesmaki.com,2014:project:penn-treebank University of Pennsylvania (Penn) Treebank Codes developed as a synthesis of ftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/treebank/doc/tagguide.ps.gz and http://www.comp.leeds.ac.uk/amalgam/tagsets/upenn.html http://viaf.org/viaf/299582703 tag:kalvesmaki.com,2014:self Joel Kalvesmaki http://schema.org/editor Editor started file eng tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:quotation-mark-closing closing quotation mark Examples: ' '' http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dash dash Examples: -- http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dollar_sign dollar Examples: $ -$ --$ A$ C$ HK$ M$ NZ$ S$ U.S.$ US$ tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:bracket-opening opening bracket Examples: ( [ { tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:bracket-closing closing bracket Examples: ) ] } http://dbpedia.org/resource/Comma comma Examples: , tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:punctuation:sentence-closer sentence closer Examples: ; . ! ? tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:punctuation:colon-or-ellipsis colon or ellipsis Examples: : ; ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:quotation-mark-opening opening quotation mark Examples: ` `` tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:conjunction:coordinating conjunction, coordinating Examples: & 'n and both but either et for less minus neither nor or plus so therefore times v. versus vs. whether yet http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cardinal_number_(linguistics) numeral, cardinal Examples: mid-1890 nine-thirty forty-two one-tenth ten million 0.5 one forty-seven 1987 twenty '79 zero two 78-degrees eighty-four IX '60s .025 fifteen 271,124 dozen quintillion DM2,000 ... http://dbpedia.org/resource/Determiner determiner Examples: all an another any both del each either every half la many much nary neither no some such that the them these this those tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:eng:there-existential existential there Examples: there tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:foreign-word foreign word Examples: gemeinschaft hund ich jeux habeas Haementeria Herr K'ang-si vous lutihaw alai je jour objets salutaris fille quibusdam pas trop Monte terram fiche oui corporis ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:preposition-or-conjunction:subordinating preposition or conjunction, subordinating Examples: astride among uppon whether out inside pro despite on by throughout below within for towards near behind atop around if like until below next into if beside ... http://dbpedia.org/resource/Adjective adjective or numeral, ordinal Examples: third ill-mannered pre-war regrettable oiled calamitous first separable ectoplasmic battery-powered participatory fourth still-to-be-named multilingual multi-disciplinary ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:adjective:comparative adjective, comparative Examples: bleaker braver breezier briefer brighter brisker broader bumper busier calmer cheaper choosier cleaner clearer closer colder commoner costlier cozier creamier crunchier cuter ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:adjective:superlative adjective, superlative Examples: calmest cheapest choicest classiest cleanest clearest closest commonest corniest costliest crassest creepiest crudest cutest darkest deadliest dearest deepest densest dinkiest ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:marker:list-item list item marker Examples: A A. B B. C C. D E F First G H I J K One SP-44001 SP-44002 SP-44005 SP-44007 Second Third Three Two \* a b c d first five four one six three two http://dbpedia.org/resource/Modal_verb modal auxiliary Examples: can cannot could couldn't dare may might must need ought shall should shouldn't will would tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:noun:common:singular noun, common, singular or mass Examples: common-carrier cabbage knuckle-duster Casino afghan shed thermostat investment slide humour falloff slick wind hyena override subhumanity machinist ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:noun:proper:singular noun, proper, singular Examples: Motown Venneboerger Czestochwa Ranzer Conchita Trumplane Christos Oceanside Escobar Kreisler Sawyer Cougar Yvette Ervin ODI Darryl CTCA Shannon A.K.C. Meltex Liverpool ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:noun:proper:plural noun, proper, plural Examples: Americans Americas Amharas Amityvilles Amusements Anarcho-Syndicalists Andalusians Andes Andruses Angels Animals Anthony Antilles Antiques Apache Apaches Apocrypha ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:noun:common:plural noun, common, plural Examples: undergraduates scotches bric-a-brac products bodyguards facets coasts divestitures storehouses designs clubs fragrances averages subjectivists apprehensions muses factory-jobs ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:determiner:pre pre-determiner Examples: all both half many quite such sure this tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:marker:genitive genitive marker Examples: ' 's http://dbpedia.org/resource/Personal_pronoun pronoun, personal Examples: hers herself him himself hisself it itself me myself one oneself ours ourselves ownself self she thee theirs them themselves they thou thy us http://dbpedia.org/resource/Possessive_pronoun pronoun, possessive Examples: her his mine my our ours their thy your http://dbpedia.org/resource/Adverb adverb Examples: occasionally unabatingly maddeningly adventurously professedly stirringly prominently technologically magisterially predominately swiftly fiscally pitilessly ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:adverb:comparative adverb, comparative Examples: further gloomier grander graver greater grimmer harder harsher healthier heavier higher however larger later leaner lengthier less-perfectly lesser lonelier longer louder lower more ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:adverb:superlative adverb, superlative Examples: best biggest bluntest earliest farthest first furthest hardest heartiest highest largest least less most nearest second tightest worst http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grammatical_particle particle Examples: aboard about across along apart around aside at away back before behind by crop down ever fast for forth from go high i.e. in into just later low more off on open out over per pie raising start teeth that through under unto up up-pp upon whole with you tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:symbol symbol Examples: % & * + < = > @ tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:eng:to to, as preposition or infinitive marker Examples: to http://dbpedia.org/resource/Interjection interjection Examples: Goodbye Goody Gosh Wow Jeepers Jee-sus Hubba Hey Kee-reist Oops amen huh howdy uh dammit whammo shucks heck anyways whodunnit honey golly man baby diddle hush sonuvabitch ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:verb-base verb, base form Examples: ask assemble assess assign assume atone attention avoid bake balkanize bank begin behold believe bend benefit bevel beware bless boil bomb boost brace break bring broil brush build ... http://dbpedia.org/resource/Past_tense verb, past tense Examples: dipped pleaded swiped regummed soaked tidied convened halted registered cushioned exacted snubbed strode aimed adopted belied figgered speculated wore appreciated contemplated ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:participle-present-or-gerund verb, present participle or gerund Examples: telegraphing stirring focusing angering judging stalling lactating hankerin' alleging veering capping approaching traveling besieging encrypting interrupting erasing wincing ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:participle-past verb, past participle Examples: multihulled dilapidated aerosolized chaired languished panelized used experimented flourished imitated reunifed factored condensed sheared unsettled primed dubbed desired ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:verb-present-3s-not verb, present tense, not 3rd person singular Examples: predominate wrap resort sue twist spill cure lengthen brush terminate appear tend stray glisten obtain comprise detest tease attract emphasize mold postpone sever return wag ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:verb-present-3s verb, present tense, 3rd person singular Examples: bases reconstructs marks mixes displeases seals carps weaves snatches slumps stretches authorizes smolders pictures emerges stockpiles seduces fizzes uses bolsters slaps speaks pleads ... tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:determiner-wh WH-determiner Examples: that what whatever which whichever tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:pronoun-wh WH-pronoun Examples: that what whatever whatsoever which who whom whosoever tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:pronoun-possessive-wh WH-pronoun, possessive Examples: whose tag:textalign.net,2015:morphology:option:adverb-wh Wh-adverb Examples: how however whence whenever where whereby whereever wherein whereof why